Airport Detectives: What the Beagle Knows

By Brad Tuttle
April 14, 2010
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Man's best friend is the smuggler's worst enemy. Here's why it's unwise to try to sneak a little chorizo—or anything else—past Snoopy at the airport.

Some 1,300 dogs work for U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Just how good are they at sniffing out drugs, money, food, and other items not allowed entry into our country?

"The dog's nose is very sophisticated, thousands of times better than the human nose," says Clark Larson, director of the CBP's canine program. A CBP officer working with a dog can perform a full inspection of an incoming vehicle in about five minutes. An officer working alone might need 20 minutes to conduct even a cursory review—taking significantly longer to achieve a lot less.

Beagles and other dogs are hardwired to sniff out trouble. Larson uses beef stew as an example to explain the exquisite sensitivity of a dog's nose. Most people know what beef stew smells like. But a dog that's been trained to detect spices will immediately be able to sniff out the presence of the tiniest pinch of basil and differentiate it from oregano or other spices. "That's why even when smugglers pack marijuana in several layers of cellophane, surround it with onions in sealed packages, and then immerse it in tanks full of gasoline, the dogs are still able to sniff out the drugs," he says.

The dogs usually come into the CBP's possession by way of animal shelters and humane societies in the eastern and midwestern U.S. Most of the dogs are trained at the CBP center in El Paso, Tex., where they undergo a rigorous 10-week training—punctuated, of course, with many doggie treats. The dogs specialize in detecting either organic (fruits, meat, hidden animals) or some combination of currency, firearms, narcotics, and humans trying to sneak into the U.S. illegally. They're fast learners: Within two or three days of training, a dog knows the scents it's after. The rest of the training is devoted to fine-tuning its abilities and teaching it to pursue those smells anywhere. And yes, that means anywhere. The dogs go through exercise after exercise in which they're instructed to find banned items hidden inside suitcases, fanny packs, bicycle tires, baby sippy cups, car trunks, SpongeBob SquarePants backpacks, cowboy hats, or household objects like vases with hollowed-out bottoms, just to name a few.

The CBP uses several dog breeds, including beagles, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers, German shepherds, and Belgian Malinois. So why is it that beagles are used so often at airports?

For one thing, because they're adorable. "Who doesn't love a beagle?" says Larson, describing the droopy-eared breed as "a massive nose on four little legs." Beagles are also lovers of food and are highly interested in other animals (their scents especially), making them the perfect foil for travelers toting banned meats, cheeses, and fruits, or prospective new pets like fish, birds, or snakes from abroad. Even when the offending item is stashed away in what appears to be an airtight container, the beagle's nose knows. Last fall at Chicago O'Hare airport, for example, a superstar CBP beagle named Shelby barked up a storm after sniffing the presence of live snails, which were sealed in plastic containers hidden inside a bag arriving on a flight from London.

So while you're at the airport petting or making googly eyes at the cute little pooch at your ankles, you can be sure it's busy sniffing out the mango at the bottom of the bag held by the woman behind you. Or the wheel of unpasteurized cheese you shouldn't have stowed in yours.

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Which Ireland Is Right for You?

SEEK OUT NATURE AT ITS WILDEST For such a small island, Ireland is blessed with a wide variety of untamed landscapes. In a three-hour drive from Kerry to Connemara, for example, you pass from pristine white beach, through a craggy mountain pass, and on to lake land and silent bog. About halfway along the drive, near the village of Liscannor, the iconic Cliffs of Moher stand a thrilling 700 feet over the swelling Atlantic below. The visitors center offers daily guided tours along the cliff side. If you time your outing to a clear, windy day, you can see past the Aran Islands to the valleys and hills of Connemara and hear the waves heaving against the shale and sandstone cliffs ($8 per car). Tide and weather will decide when you can get out to Skellig Michael, a proud rock rising 714 feet straight up from the sea off the Iveragh Peninsula in County Kerry; it's an hour-long, rough-water boat ride from Valentia Island. Make the dizzying climb up 650 small steps cut out of the rock face to reach the summit and the remains of a spartan, early-Christian monastery built in the 7th century. The peninsula itself is home to the famed Ring of Kerry drive, as well as the Kerry Way walk, which winds for 125 miles through some of the most isolated and dramatic countryside in Europe. The Maamturk Mountains in Galway are perfect for a short cycling tour, thanks to gentle climbs and exhilarating falls amid untouched lakes and rolling bogs. The climax of any ride is the windswept, freewheeling descent into the tiny hamlet of Leenane, located where the Atlantic Ocean juts 10 miles inland to form stunning Killary Harbour, Ireland's only fjord. Bike Hire Ireland in Galway City is the best place to rent a bike (from $8); it also organizes guided and self-guided tours. Farther north is Ireland's most isolated and untouched landscape, County Donegal, and Glenveagh National Park, where red deer roam and falcons coast over the moors and hills. This quiet park lends itself to a leisurely 1.25-mile hike along the Derrylahan Trail and the starkly beautiful five-mile Glen Walk through the Derryveagh Mountains, which yields spectacular views over Lough Veagh lake and the surrounding woodlands. CONNECT WITH IRISH CULTURE The isolated, Gaelic-speaking villages of the west coast and the sophisticated city of Dublin best epitomize Ireland's rich cultural heritage. Both prize music and words, with the treasured local pub as the gathering place. (A simple rule to find the best, traditional pubs: If it has a television, go elsewhere.) In a wild and beautiful nowhere called the Renvyle Peninsula in County Galway, Paddy Coyne's Public House is a hot spot for authentic Irish music, set dancing, and old-school storytelling nights. The village of Clifden, about 12 miles south on a plateau overlooking the ocean, fiercely guards the local traditions of Celtic music. On long summer evenings, the sounds of flute, banjo, bodhrán (Irish hand drum), and fiddle waft from every bar along Main Street; mid-September brings the Clifden Arts Festival. A short boat ride ($34 roundtrip) will take you to the Aran Islands, where Irish is still spoken in dulcet tones as the day-to-day language. Make the extra effort to get to Inisheer, the smallest of the islands; this tiny patchwork of fields divided by stone walls is a vision of an older Ireland frozen in time. The Hotel Inisheer is famed for its wild, impromptu sessions of craic agus ceol, or music and merriment. Each year on June 16, the day during which James Joyce's Ulysses unfolds, Dubliners dress up and follow in the footsteps of Joyce's everyman hero, Leopold Bloom. The James Joyce Centre ($7) is the hub of the festivities, but it's in the still-existing pubs mentioned in the book, like the stately Davy Byrnes on Duke Street, where you'll get a chance to sample some of that famed Dublin wit at the heart of Joyce's work. A DART trip along Dublin Bay will bring you to the picturesque seaside village of Sandycove and the Martello (a.k.a. Joyce) Tower where the book begins. The tower, which contains a little museum ($8) to Joyce's life, is next to the Forty Foot swimming hole, where generations of Dubliners have come for a bracing dive off the rocks. Back in central Dublin, the Abbey Theatre can rightly claim to be the treasure-house of Irish literary culture, from Yeats, through Synge and Beckett, up to the present day. After a show ($17–$51), follow the actors to a favorite nearby haunt, the Flowing Tide, for pints of draught Guinness (9 Lower Abbey St., $6). If you'd like some help wrapping your head around Dublin culture, the free Dublin Tourism iWalk tours are brilliant podcasts by the hugely entertaining author, historian, and artist Pat Liddy. The Dublin Literary Pub Crawl, led by professional actors, takes in the city's more famous cultural bars, with some great music and storytelling thrown in ($16). WONDER AT THE SITES OF PAST CIVILIZATIONS Ireland's history is a series of invasions, and each wave brought newcomers eager to build monuments to the glory of their own civilization. The prehistoric wonder of Newgrange in County Meath, about 30 miles northwest of Dublin off the N2, makes a good starting point (from $4). Built in the 4th millennium B.C., 1,000 years before Stonehenge, this spectacular passage tomb (a narrow passage made of large stones with a covered burial chamber) was so carefully constructed that during the winter solstice, the rays of the rising sun still strike a small opening above the doorway and illuminate the sacred chamber within. The stunning lunar landscape of The Burren in County Clare held a strong mystical attraction for the ancient Irish, who left more than 80 Neolithic tombs, numerous portal dolmens (Stone Age tombs with giant stones making a doorway to a single burial chamber), a Celtic high cross in Kilfenora village, and more than 500 ring forts, including the one at Cahercommaun. Pick up a guide at the visitors center. When early Christian monks came to Ireland, they sought out the most isolated and serene places to set up their monasteries. Glendalough was the choice of Saint Kevin, who lived as a hermit in a tiny cave in the rock face above a lake. Arrive in the early morning before the tourist onslaught to get a feel for the stillness and natural solitude that drew the monk to this scenic spot back in the 6th century. A hundred years before Kevin dreamed up Glendalough, Saint Declan founded his own monastic site in Ardmore, County Waterford. St. Declan's well stands on the site of the original monastery, and the ruins of the 12th-century Round Tower Cathedral contain ogham stones and strikingly modern, almost abstract-looking carvings of biblical scenes on the west gable. Castles symbolize the power and ruthlessness of the Norman conquerors, who made their headquarters at Kilkenny City. With its battlements and arrow slits, imposing Kilkenny Castle, on 50 acres beside the River Nore, recalls the days of knights at arms and constantly warring dukes ($8). The largest Norman castle, built on the banks of the River Boyne near the town of Trim, has a huge keep with turrets flanked by impregnable towers. Trim Castle made such an impression on the makers of Braveheart that they chose it as a backdrop for their hit movie (from $4). Ireland enjoyed something of an economic boom in the 18th century, and the local aristocrats asserted themselves by trying to outdo their English rivals in the extravagance of their stately homes. In 1722, famed Florentine architect Alessandro Galilei was brought in by the original owner to design Castletown House ($6), County Kildare, in the trendiest neoclassical fashion. Russborough House ($13) in Wicklow was built in 1741, thanks to a fortune the owner made from brewing beer. A mile-long, beech-lined avenue leads to the 700-foot-long façade of silver-gray Wicklow granite. 7 INSIDER TIPS 1. A glut of hotels were built during the Celtic Tiger years (mid-90s to 2007), so it pays to haggle when booking a room anywhere in Ireland. Set your budget and then phone places in a higher price range to try wrangling a great deal. 2. If you fly into Shannon Airport, a cruise on the underappreciated Shannon River is a serene and handy way to travel through the heart of Ireland. You can hire easy-to-handle cruising boats and choose your layover spots along the route; there's usually a good gathering of fellow boaters with whom to enjoy a pint. 3. Cork City and the surrounding countryside produce their own brands of stout (black, malted beer), which is slightly sweeter and lighter than Dublin's famous Guinness brand. When in Cork, impress the natives by ordering a Beamish or Murphy's. 4. Ireland is small and perfect for driving around. You'll discover the best sites and scenery by getting offtrack and exploring the many boreens ("little roads"). Road signs are generally in Irish and English, but around Dingle and Connemara, they may be in Irish only, so get a good map. Distances are in kilometers on the new green road signs, although a few old, white ones still display miles. Check to see if your credit card company covers damages to rental cars in Ireland; if not, avail yourself of the rental company's collision insurance. 5. Dooley Vacations, Sceptre Tours, and BMIT are among the companies that specialize in Ireland deals combining flights, a rental car, and vouchers good at more than 1,100 B&Bs in the Town and Country Homes Association. These packages let you change your itinerary as you go, selecting a different B&B every night, or settling in if you find one that suits your style. 6. Ireland is still not the easiest place for vegetarians, but a lot more options have appeared in the past few years. Cafe Paradiso in Cork is a groundbreaking vegetarian eatery that is inventive enough to keep even the carnivores coming back for more. 7. Galway City is Ireland's seafood capital, and locals swear McDonagh's makes the finest fish-and-chips in the known world; try the unusual option of chips with deep-fried mackerel that still hints of the nearby briny Atlantic Ocean ($11). TIMING Tourists and Irish families jam the most popular sites in the summer high season, when daylight lasts until 10 p.m. or later. The shoulder seasons of September and May are two of the driest months and give you a chance to mingle with the locals in a more normal, day-to-day mode. The winter is often wet and cold, but there's a great vibe leading up to Christmas, and many cultural highlights are clustered in fall and winter. PRICE INDEX • A full Irish breakfast (a huge, traditional morning fry of bacon, sausage, black and white pudding, and eggs): $11 (€8) • A standard bottle of Jameson Irish Whiskey: $33 (€24) • Dublin City Bus and DART (train) one-day combination ticket: $14 (€10) • Average rate for a two-star hotel in Dublin: $109 (€80) • A genuine, handmade Galway Aran sweater: $204 (€150) • An average ticket to a symphony at the National Concert Hall, Dublin: $33 (€25)

Just Back From... the Major Sights of Rome

Our favorite part... The necropolis tour under the Vatican, which we applied for eight months in advance. We found out that 20,000 people a day tour the Vatican, but only 200 a day are allowed down into the excavations. Right nearby, at Castel Sant'Angelo, we ran around the ancient castle fortress like little kids. [PHOTO] Worth every penny... The taxi (arranged by the hotel) that took all of us to Fiumicino airport in time for our morning flight. It was $54 (€40) for a quiet, quick, and luxurious ride. Wish fulfilled... My sister-in-law Arnell works in a retirement home, and one of those in her care is an elderly widow whose husband was in Rome after the Germans were pushed out in World War II. He told her tales of the beauty of the Spanish Steps, but was never able to take her there. She asked Arnell to go in her place. [PHOTO] Wish we'd known that... Italian attractions sometimes close at odd hours. We lost track of time over lunch in a small place across from San Clemente—only to find out when we entered the church that it was closing down for three hours. Great local meal... The cafeteria at the Capitoline Museums had fair prices and simple, delicious sandwiches. The people-watching there was superb, as was the view. [PHOTO] Moment when things got tense... We arrived at the Pantheon during a rain shower around 5:30 in the evening to discover it was closed until 6:15 for a Lenten church service. There were well over 100 wet, impatient people huddled under its great portico, half of which was closed off for renovation. We eased the tension by running into a small gelato shop next door—ice cream's good like that. We're still laughing about...The little old Italian fellow who came into the restaurant Bar Ciao with his very well-behaved dog. He ordered a glass of white wine and what looked like an antique ceramic wine caddy filled with nothing but potato chips—and ate his snack while his little dog sat motionless until he was finished. It was picture-perfect, right down to the man's battered cap and long scarf. Hotel we liked... The grand Hotel Columbus, 33 via della Conciliazione. [PHOTO] It's steps from the Vatican and Castel Sant'Angelo and was built for a cardinal in 1480. The staff was very friendly and helpful, the rooms were clean, and the bathrooms had all sorts of amenities, from sewing kits to shower shoes. We were at the very back of the hotel, overlooking a wonderful courtyard. I'd heard that staying near the Vatican is dull, but I disagree! The Borgo area offers easy access to buses and taxis, as well as very picturesque side streets with nice restaurants.

Secret Hotels of Greece's Ionian Islands

CASA LUCIA Sgombou, Corfu With five brightly painted cottages and two studios clustered around a paisley-shaped swimming pool, Casa Lucia forms a self-contained community in the hills seven and a half miles northwest of Corfu Town, the largest city in the Ionian Islands. English expat Val Androutsopoulos and her now-deceased husband opened the complex 30 years ago; these days she—along with her daughter Zoe, son-in-law Marcello, and their two children—focuses on providing all the homey touches. Each cottage has its own private balcony, patio, or garden, and English-language paperbacks in the rooms offer a compelling reason to call off the day's excursion in favor of a quiet afternoon at the compound. There isn't much that area experts can't deliver right to your doorstep, anyway. Holistic healers and aromatherapists commonly cater to guests' needs on-site, and weekly tai chi, qigong, yoga, and Pilates classes are offered for about $7 per session. (Zoe leads the tai chi classes.) There's no restaurant or breakfast buffet, but the kitchen of each cottage is stocked with yogurt, bread, and homemade orange preserves, and there's a sign-up sheet near the front desk for organic vegetable delivery. Those who opt not to cook can enlist Jo's Catering to supply Mediterranean dinners for $38 per person, including everything from olives to almond cake. Val dispenses advice for outings both nearby (the rustic islet of Vidos just off Corfu Town) and farther afield (the impressive ruins of Butrint in neighboring Albania). There's one caveat Val might issue before directing you to the narrow, picturesque lanes of Corfu Town, however: "It's a 15-minute drive, but allow yourself half an hour to find parking," she says. Sgombou, Corfu, casa-lucia-corfu.com, from $84. FUNDANA VILLAS Paleokastritsa, Corfu If there's any doubt whether Spyros Spathas values his heritage, just look at the reception area of his Fundana Villas, where a 200-plus-year-old stone olive press serves as a reminder of the Spathas family's six generations of local history. It's been 29 years since Spathas converted his farm's stables and outbuildings into 12 guest bungalows, but the accommodations have been updated with flat-screen TVs and modern kitchenettes. And the views from the rooms are as glorious as ever: Number 10 has two wrought-iron balconies that look out on the Ropa Valley, and Number 12 takes in the green slopes of Mount Pantokrator to the northeast. A guide for the Greek National Tourism Organization for more than 35 years, Spathas maintains a half-mile hiking path to the 18th-century Monastery of St. Onoufrios, open every other Sunday, and leads weekly botanical walks through the area. His 26-year-old son, Foivos, just opened a traditional Corfiote restaurant on the grounds, serving dishes such as veal with garlic sauce and pan-fried artichokes from Fundana's gardens. If you feel inspired to venture off-property for dinner, stop in at Elisavet's taverna in the nearby village of Doukades. There, the grandmotherly proprietress sits in front of her establishment encouraging visitors to try the kokoros pastitsada—rooster over macaroni—a local specialty she's been making for 20 years. Km 15 on the road to Paleokastritsa, fundanavillas.com, doubles from $63, breakfast $8. LEVANT HOTEL Pelekas, Corfu The Doukakis family can't take credit for discovering the stellar vantage point at the top of the 935-foot-high Pelekas hill where, in 1990, they built the 25-room Levant Hotel. Kaiser Wilhelm, who summered in this part of Corfu 110 years ago, used to picnic on the rocky observatory (now known as the Kaiser's Throne) just in front of the building site. What the Doukakis clan can claim: the good sense to put down roots in a spot that has ocean views in every direction. Still, the family didn't neglect their hotel's interiors. Its sitting areas are filled with heirlooms—wooden chaise longues, antique china, and portraits of the Kaiser—and stately, wrought-iron bed frames anchor the guest rooms. (To get a sea view, ask for an odd-numbered room on the first floor, or an even-numbered room on the second.) Most days, Mr. Doukakis sits at the bar, teaching guests Greek phrases. As for Mrs. Doukakis, she's everywhere at once: sweeping leaves from the geraniums, shooing away cats that wander up from the village, and managing the kitchen of their restaurant, Sunset. "I have two cooks, but I oversee them all the time," she says, adding, "I'm old-fashioned." With that kind of dedication, it's no wonder the dining room draws such a regular crowd. The wide terrace invites guests to linger over dishes like pastitsada (spicy pasta) and bourdeto (fish stew) until the sky turns from blue to gold over the ocean each evening. Any of the family members can give you directions to three spectacular beaches, all within a 10-minute drive: Kontogialos and Glyfada have deck chairs for rent and tavernas right on the sand; and for those looking to leave without tan lines, Myrtiotissa is frequented by nudists who camp out scandalously close to the whitewashed chapel next to the shore. Pelekas, Corfu, levanthotel.com, from $105 including breakfast. BELLA VENEZIA Corfu Town Bella Venezia's prime location one block from the grassy waterfront Spianada, or esplanade, places it right at the center of Corfiote life. Before the Ziniatis family bought this neoclassical mansion and converted it into a hotel in 1988, the 19th-century landmark was a girls' school. To this day, the owners still follow a popular Corfiote tradition and hang a floral wreath over the door every year on May 1; the following month, neighborhood children come by to collect the wreath for a midsummer-night bonfire. Although the inn's 31 rooms (all with pale-rose-colored walls and voluminous window dressings) were renovated in 2006, the common areas retain many of their original architectural elements, including pink-and-white-checked Ionian-marble floors and 13-foot-high carved-wood ceilings. It's worth spending about $20 more for one of the two honeymoon rooms, an upgrade that buys private balconies and floor-to-ceiling windowed doors. (Avoid rooms 106, 206, and 306, which face a narrow alley.) A simple meal of pastries and yogurt with honey and nuts is laid out each morning in the breakfast pavilion behind the hotel, but for dinner, guests are left to explore on their own in town. The most romantic option is the Corfu Sailing Club, at the foot of the 11th-century Old Fortress; wooden tables in the open-air dining room are just feet away from sailboats knocking against each other in the bay. 4 N. Zambeli St., Corfu Town, bellaveneziahotel.com, from $149 including breakfast. GARBIS VILLAS Lourdas, Cephalonia Cephalonia is the largest of the Ionian Islands, with an area of 288 square miles and about 45 miles of beaches and coastline, making it a prime destination for package tours. Many of the island's hotels dedicate their rooms to big groups, but the Garbis Villas are the exception. George and Irene Garbis built these four seaside maisonettes—one for each of their children—in 1998, and a sense of family permeates the entire complex, down to the photos of the late George Garbis in the small shrine out front. Inside each room is a detailed booklet written by two Garbis brothers. It gives the history of the island and insider takes on key sites, including the underground lake of Melissani, once home to a cult of the god Pan, and the Drogarati Cave, a limestone chamber so large it hosted a Maria Callas concert. They even offer tips for negotiating vegetarian meals in the traditional restaurants ("explain that eating meat is like going against your religion"). The apartments straddle the line between cozy and utilitarian, with kitchenettes, tiled floors, soft couches, and decor that mixes generic accents (framed pictures of sunsets) with the family's treasures (an antique icon of the Virgin Mary). Best of all, on any given morning, you can find Irene greeting guests until 11 a.m., tossing the lucky ones fresh apricots from the garden. Lourdas, Cephalonia, garbisvillas.com, from $70, breakfast not included. PALIOKALIVA VILLAGE Tragaki, Zákinthos Talk about underselling your appeal; paliokaliva means "old hut" in Greek. But that's far from what you'll find at Paliokaliva Village, a collection of 18 stone cottages that Anastasia Tembonera built in the center of her family's olive grove on the island of Zákinthos, just south of Cephalonia. "I wanted something more traditional and closer to nature," Tembonera says of her decision to leave her job at a pharmacy in 2002 to open the resort, where bougainvillea climbs the stone walls of the cottages and jasmine twines through trees hung with lanterns. By all accounts, the hotel is sleepy: It's located about half a mile up a winding road from the somewhat tacky tourist town of Tsilivi, and the only sounds heard on the grounds are the laughter of kids splashing in the swimming pool and the calls of the occasional vegetable peddler driving through town in his open-bed truck, touting his wares on a loudspeaker. Excitement comes in the form of day trips—to Gerakas, on the island's southeastern tip, where loggerhead sea turtles nest, or to Cape Skinari, to the northwest, to see Shipwreck Beach and swim in the Blue Caves. Each of the cottages has different details, but most have gently distressed furniture (think wooden chairs with artfully peeling paint), lace-curtained dine-in kitchenettes, and desks stocked with handmade pencils designed to look like twigs. Small weather vanes with painted-metal motifs are posted near the doors, so guests can remember they belong in the building with the smiling duck or the little church, rather than something so prosaic as a room number. Still, it's worth noting cottage numbers when making a reservation, and ask for the highest one. Tembonera explains, "As we built each one, we improved on the one we'd done before." Tragaki, Zákinthos, paliokaliva.gr, from $126, breakfast not included. Your Guide to Getting Around the Ionian Islands Corfu is the most densely populated of the Ionians and a good launchpad for a tour of the area. Olympic Airlines flies daily from Athens to Corfu, which may be listed as Kérkyra, its Greek name (olympicair.com, from $26 each way). To get from Corfu to Cephalonia, take one of several daily car ferries to the mainland port of Igoumenítsa (from $6 per person, about $41 per car). Then drive to Levkás and take a ferry to Cephalonia (or Kefallinía; from $6 per person, about $41 per car). Two daily car ferries go from Cephalonia to Zákinthos (from $6 per person, about $41 per car). Smaller interisland ferries and hydrofoil companies also link the islands. Visit greekferries.gr for schedules, and purchase tickets at the ferry terminals.